Oil burner



w. H. M KENZIE.

OIL BURNER Nov. 24, 1,562,571

Filed Sept. 14, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 gwvwnfov 95% z )1 Q7 7 a flttozneq Nov. 24 1925. 1,562,571

W. H. M KENZEE OIL BURNER Patented N01. 24, 1925.

UNITED STATES WILLIAM H. MCKENZIE, F CHIGAGOyILLINOiS.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed September 14, 1923. Serial No. 662,683.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. Mc- KENZIE, citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved oil burner for heating stoves or furnaces and seeks, among other objects, to provide a burner which will effect complete combustion of the liquid fuel so that the burner will operate without soot or smoke.

The invention seeks. as a further object, to provide a burner wherein the spread of the flame may be readily regulated.

And the invention seeks, as a still further object, to provide a burner wherein an automatic valve will be employed for cutting off the supply of fuel to the burner should the flame become extinguished.

' devices 17.

- Other and'incidental objects will appear hereinafter.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevation showing my improved burner in connection with an ordinary furnace, parts being broken away to illustrate the disposition of the burner within the furnace. I

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view through the burner and the automatic cutoff valve employed.

Figure 3 is a detail plan view of the bottom ring of the burner.

Figure 4 is a detail plan view of the top ring of the burner, and.

Figure 5 is a detail top plan view of one of the intermediate rings of the burner.

In carrying the invention into effect, I employ a plurality of superposed frustoconical burner rings comprising a bottom ring 10, intermediate rings 11 and 12, and a top ring 13. The bottom ring is, as shown in detail in Figure 3 of the drawings, formed with a spider 14 supporting a sleeve 15 extending axially of the ring and, as will be observed,.said ring is split diametrically into complemental sections, the sleeve 15 being, of course, also split. Formed on the sections at the outer side of the ring are mating ears 16 and extending through said ears are bolts or other suitable fastening Thus, when assembling the burner ithin a furnace, as conventionally shownan Figure 1 at 18, the sections of the bottom ring may be separately inserted through the fire door of the furnace. Otherwise, it would be impossible to mount a large burner in certain furnaces. At its larger end, the ring 10 is formed with a radial annular flange 19 apertured to receive bolts or other suitable fastening devices 20 for securing the burner to a furnace grate and upstanding from said flange is an annular outwardly curved lip 20' cooperatmg with the ring to define a basin 21. At its upper end, the ring 10 is stepped at the outer side thereof to receive the lower end of the ring 11 so that the latter ring is thus centered upon the ring 10, and formed on the ring 11 is a downwardly sloping annular flange 22 having a flat upper face and a concave lower face. At'its upper end, the ring 11 is stepped like the ring'10 to receive the lower end of the ring 12 so that the ring 12 is thus centered upon the ring 11, and

formed on the ring 12 is an annular downwardly sloping flange 23 somewhat less in dlameter than the diameter of the flange 22.

At its upper side, the flange 23 is, as shown in detail in Figure 5, formed with an annular concave channel 24 to, surround the smaller end of the ring while from said channel the flange is provided with a flat upper face sloping downwardly at a somewhat greater angle than the flat upper face of the flange 22. At its lower side, the flange 23 is formed with a concave face providing clearance between the flanges 22 and 23. Seated in the channel 24 is an annular wick 25 of asbestos or other approved material.

Formed on the top ring 13 of the burner at its larger end is an upwardly curved annular bowl 26 resting upon the upper end of the ring 12, and extending within the ring is, as shown in detail in Figure 4, a spider 27 supporting a hub 28 lying axially of the ring. The hub is bored from the lower end thereof to define a distributing chamber 29, and leading from said chamber through the arms of the spider are fuel passages 30 adapted to disc arge into the bowl 26. Extending freely through the sleeve 15 of the ring 10 and threaded at its upper end into the lower end of the hub 28 o the ring 1?, is a fuel pipe 31 holding the ring 13 centered with respect to the ring 12, and threaded upnut 32 which may be turned home against the lower end of the sleeve 15 for binding the several rings of the burner in assembled on the lower end portion of said pipe is a relation. Threaded into the. hub 28 of the-'- ring 13 is an upstanding axially disposedstud 33 upon which is freely mounted a truncated conical burner cap or spreader 3i, and threaded upon the stud above and below the spreader are nuts 35 clamping the. spreader in position. The spreader is formed throughout its area with openings so that the heat may flow freely upward and, as will be seen, the nuts 35 may be adjusted along the stud 33 for elevating or lowering the spreader to regulate the spread of the flame.

Mounted adjacent the furnace 18 is, as shown in Figure 1, a suitable supply tank 36 arranged at a suitable elevation above the burner, and leading from the bottom of said tank to the lower end of the fuel pipe 3]. of the burner is a. supply pipe 37 in which is preferably arranged an appropriate sight valve indicated as a whole at 38 so that when this valve is opened, the flow of fuel from the tank to the burner may be readily observed. Interposed in the pipe 37 adjacent the furnace, is an automatic cut-oil valve including a casing 38 having an internal valve seat 39 and threaded upon the casing at its upper side is a bonnet -10. Mounted upon the bonnet is a cylinder ii provided at its lower end with a socket 493 threaded over the bonnet, and threaded into the upper end of the cylinder is a removable cap 4.3 closing the cylinder. Leading from the bottom of the basin 21 of the ring 10 of I the burner to the upper end of the cylinder is a pipe 14 and slidable in the cylinder is a. piston 45 having a piston rod 46 received through the'bottom of the cylinder and through the bonnet 4-0. Mounted upon the lower end of the piston rod is a valve 47 to cooperate with the seat 39 and bearing between the bottom wall of the cylinder and the piston 45 is a spring 48 urging the piston upwardly and normally holding the valve open. Leading from the cylinder is a drain cock 49.

In use, the valve 38 is opened so that fuel Will fiowthrough the pipe 37 to discharge through the passages 30 into the bowl 2 3 of the burner ring 13 whereupon the burner lighted at the wick 25. Accordingly said how]. will, while the burner is in opera.- tion, be heated to a very high temperature, and attention is now directed to the fact that the ring 13 is undercut between the outer ends of the passages 30 so that the fuel issuing from said passages will, instead of running down the outer surface of the ring, drip directly from the passages to strike the bowl. Thus, the liquid fuel will be thoroughly vaporized and the fuel vapors heated to effect practically complete combustion. Excess fuel in the bowl will, of course, discharge therefrom to tiow down over the flange 23 of the ring 12 and down over the flange 22 of the ring 11 into the basin 21, thefuel being, however, under normal circumstances, completely consumed before reaching the basin. Should the flame become accidentally extinguished, the basin will, on the other hand, quickly fill with oil which will then flow off through the pipe 44 into the cylinder 45 of the cut-off valve, As soon as the fuel in the upper end of the cylinder accumulates so that the quantity thereof reaches a weight sufficient to overcome the tension of the spring 48, the piston 45 will be shifted downwardly to close the valve 47 against its seat 39 and thus automatically cut off the supply of fuel to the burner. lVhen it is desired to again light the burner, the oil in the cylinder 4.3 is drained therefrom through the cock 49 which, when open, will also serve to drain the basin 21, Accordingly, the spring 4-8 will be permitted to again elevate the piston 45 and open the valve 47 so that oil may again tiow uninterruptedly from the supply tank to the burner.

Having thus described the invention,

what is claimed as new is:

1. An oil' burner including superposed burner rings comprising a. bottom ring and a top ring having a spider provided with an oil passage opening through the periphery of the top ring, a fuel pipe secured in and terminating at the spider to communicute with said passage, and means coacting between said pipe and the bottom ring clamping the rings in assembled relation.

2. An oil burner including superposed burner rings comprising a bottom ring and a top ring having an oil passage, a fuel pipe secured in and terminating at the bottom of the top ring to communicate with said passage, means coacting between said pipe and the bottom ring clamping the rings in assembled relation, and a spreader secured centrally to the top ring and overhanging the burner.

3. An oil burner including superposed burner rings comprising a bottom ring and a top ring having an oil passage, a fuel pipe secured in and terminating at the bottom of the top ring to communicate with said passage, means coacting between said pipe and the bottom ring clamping the rings in assembled relation, aspreadersecured centrally to the top ring overhanging the burner, and means for vertically adjusting the spreader.

4. An oil burner including superposed burner rings comprising a bottom ring and a to opening through the periphery thereof. the top ring being formed upon its periphery with a bowl to receive oil discharge from said passage, 2. fuel pipe. secured in and terminating at the bottom of the top ring to communicate with said passage, and

ring provided with an oil passage means coacting between said pipe and the bottom ring clampingthe rings in assembled relation.

5. An oil burner including superposed burner rings comprising a bottom ring having a spider provided with an axial sleeve, a top ring having a. spider provided with a hub, the spider of the top ring being formed with an oil passage opening through the periphery of the top ring, a fuel pipe extending through said sleeve of the lower ring and secured in and terminating at the lower end of the hub of the upper ring to communicate with said passage, and a nut threaded upon the pipe to coact with said sleeve clamping the rings in assembled relation.

6. An oil burner including superposed burner rings comprising a bottom ring having an external surrounding basin, a top ring having a surrounding bowl, a fuel pipe connected to the top ring to discharge laterally through the ring into the bowl thereof, and means coacting between said pipe and the bottom ring clamping the rings in assembled relation.

7. An oil burner comprising a plurality of superposed rings clamped together, the upper ring having laterally discharging fuel passages, a fuel pipesecured in the upper ring, and a trusto-eonical spreader secured above the upper ring in spaced relation thereto and peripherally overhanging and housing the same and provided with openings throughout its area.

8. An oil burner comprising a bottom ring having an upwardly tapered wall and having an annular basin upon the exterior of said wall, a series of superposed intermediate rings of successively decreasing diameter above said bottom ring, the lower intermediate ring resting on said bottom ring and each of said intermediate rings having a flat downwardly and outwardly inclined upper surface, a top ring resting upon the upper intermediate ring and carrying an exterior bowl overhanging said'intermediate ring, a fuelipipe leading into said top ring, and means for clampingthe rings together. 1

9. In an oil burner, a plurality of annular rings arranged one above the other, the bottom and top rings having a peripheral gulley at their bases, the lower intermediate ring being larger than the one thereabove, a conduit conducting oil into the top gulley whereby said liquid will drip downwardly successively on said rings, and a wick arranged about'the periphery ot' the uppermost of said intermediate rings.

in testimony whereof I alfix my signature.

WILLIAM H. MoKENZIE. 

